A32News - Arakan or Rakhine now is a state located in western Myanmar. In the region, over the years for the repeated violence between Rohingya Muslim majority with the citizens.
In 2012, Rakhine in the world spotlight after bloody clashes both groups killed more than 200 people.
While 140,000 other residents were forced to evacuate.
Until now, the violence has not stopped happening.
Attack on three checkpoints on October 9, 2016 and trigger the execution of military operations in Rakhine, precisely in the area that became the Rohingya Muslim neighborhoods.
Version of the local authorities, this policy is a step in a cleansing of the few people who they refer to as militants of the Rohingya.
But lately, the alleged abuses of power by the military.
They reported rape, killing and burning of houses and buildings.
Alienated in their own country, do not have citizenship, discriminated against, and were subjected to a cycle of violence that is unexpected.
That's more or less a picture of the Rohingya Muslims given by Gregory B. Poling, an analyst at CSIS.
Many in the country of Myanmar, including a number of religious leaders and political leaders, requested that the Rohingya Muslims driven out of by any means.
But there is also defending them even though these groups hated, thus giving birth to the political gap.
Community leaders who defend the existence of the Rohingya Muslims would even be labeled persona non-grata.
During this time, the public only recognize the Rohingya as a persecuted Muslim minority in Myanmar, a country that is predominantly Buddhist faith.
The question arises, who is actually Rohingya?
From some literature, called the Rohingya have been living in Rakhine since the 7th century, while others call since the 16th century.
The ancestors of the Rohingya is a mixture of Arabic, Turkish, Persian, Afghan, Bengali, and Indi-Mongoloid.
Their population in Rakhine reached more than 1 million inhabitants. Most live in the city of Maungdaw and Buthidaung where there they are the majority.
The Myanmar government claimed that the Rohingyas are not eligible for citizenship under the Citizenship Law which prepared the military in 1982.
That document defines that the citizens are ethnic groups who have settled permanently in the boundaries of modern Myanmar before 1823.
That was the year before the war first between Britain and Myanmar.
The government of General Ne Win insert 135 ethnic groups who have met the requirements.
And the list is still in use civilian government of Myanmar today.
The British colonial government touted a party that encourages migration of Rohingyas to Myanmar.
This is triggering resentment in the country the country, so the 1823 is used as a reference for determining citizenship.
The dominant story develops in the country is Myanmar Rohingya is a newcomer.
Muslims was reportedly descendants of immigrants from Bangladesh in the colonial era.
But according to Gregory B. Poling, this story later proved to be false.
In 1799, a surgeon, Francis Buchanan, the British East India company to travel to Myanmar and met with Muslims who have long settled in Rakhine.
They call themselves as Rooinga or natives of Arakan.
This indicates that the Rohingya Muslims in Rakhine have lived at least 25 years prior to 1823.
Even though the name Rohingya is too taboo to be accepted in Myanmar, history informs clearly that the ethnic group itself has been in Rakhine since centuries ago.
A significant Muslim population have lived in the kingdom called Mrauk-U Rakhine who ruled from the mid-15th century until the end of the 18th century.
Not only that, the Buddhist kings of Mrauk-U even respect Muslims.
According to the poll, the evidence shows that the Muslim community that is the origin of the Rohingya today.
The group is then assimilated by the wave of immigrants from Bangladesh during and after the British colonial era.
Pascamerdeka of British parliamentary government recognizes the 1948-1962 Myanmar Rohingya citizenship.
These events are well rid of the old story of growing that the Rohingya are "newcomers".
Along with recognized them got official documents and enjoy the various facilities as citizens.
Even the national radio has a special segment performed using the Rohingya language.
Ex-researcher at the London School of Economics, Maung Zarni, has a number of Myanmar-language documents showing the government's recognition of the Rohingya during the era of U Nu and in the early years of the reign of dictator Ne Win. Some of them are public statements, official radio broadcasts, books printed government, and government-issued documents.
Myanmar post-independence, a number of MPs who refer to themselves as Rohingya opposed the inclusion of the ethnic areas inhabited to the Rakhine state.
U Nu was in 1961 decided to make Buthidaung, Maungdaw, and Rathedaung as Mayu Frontier Administration area.
The name comes from the name of the river that flows through the region.
The area is separated from inhabited Rakhine Buddhist majority population.
Rohingya life changed dramatically when the country was ruled by a dictator Ne Win.
In the book of Burma: A Nation at the Crossroads written by Benedict Rogers, one of the officials mentioned in the era of Ne Win admitted that the dictator has an unwritten policy to get rid of Muslims, Christians, and some other ethnic Karens.
Ne Win government was systematically disarm the Rohingya citizenship. Starting from the application of the Emergency Immigration Act 1974 and its peak is the Citizenship Act 1982.
Rohingya who settled in the Mayu Frontier Administration "delegated" to Rakhine. And since then, hundreds of thousands of them fled to Bangladesh due triggered brutal attacks in 1978 and 1991.
Practically since the moment of their rights to the official document, education, government assistance, land ownership, even marriage neglected.
The Myanmar government also referred to instill the memory of the younger generation that the Rohingya are a group of intruders, thieves land and economic opportunity that aims to "overthrow" the Buddha as the majority religion in the country.
